how to draw 4 in 3d

To create a 3D model in SketchUp, you're constantly switching among the drawing tools, views, components, and organizational tools. In this article, you find several examples that illustrate ways you can employ these tools together to model a specific shape or object.

The examples illustrate a few of the unlike applications for creating 3D models in SketchUp: woodworking, modeling parts or abstract objects, and creating buildings. The examples are loosely ordered from the elementary to the circuitous.

Table of Contents

1. Drawing a chair
2. Cartoon a bowl, dome, or sphere
3. Creating a cone
4. Creating a pyramidal hipped roof
5. Modeling a building from a footprint
6. Creating a polyhedron

Drawing a chair

In the following video, you see three ways to draw a 3D model of a chair. In the commencement two examples, you lot see ii methods for creating the same chair:

• Subtractive: Extrude a rectangle to the summit of the chair. Then apply the Push/Pull tool () to cut away the chair shape.
• Additive: Start by modeling the chair seat. And so extrude the dorsum and the legs with the Button/Pull tool.

In the third example, you run across how to create a more than detailed and complex model, using components to simplify modeling the chair legs and rungs on the back of the chair.

Tip: You can use the tips and techniques demonstrated in these chair examples to create all sorts of other complex 3D models.

Drawing a bowl, dome, or sphere

In this instance, you look at 1 way to draw a bowl and how to use the technique for creating a bowl to a dome or sphere.

In a nutshell, to create bowl, you draw a circumvolve on the ground airplane and a profile of the bowl's shape directly in a higher place the circle. Then you apply the Follow Me tool to turn the outline into a basin by having it follow the original circumvolve on the ground plane.

Here'due south how the process works, step-by-step:

1. With the Circle tool (), draw a circle on the basis plane. These steps are easier if y'all beginning from the drawing axes origin point. The size of this circle doesn't matter.
2. Hover the mouse cursor over the origin so that the cursor snaps to the origin so move the cursor up the blue centrality.
3. Starting from the blue axis, depict a circle perpendicular to the circle on the ground airplane (that is, locked to the ruby or green axis). To encourage the inference, orbit so that the greenish or red axis runs approximately left to right along the screen. If the Circle tool doesn't stay in the green or red inference management, press and agree the Shift key to lock the inference. The radius of this 2d circle represents the exterior radius of your bowl.
4. With the Offset tool (), create an start of this second circumvolve. The offset distance represents the bowl thickness. Check out the following figure to see how your model looks at this point.
   
5. With the Line tool (), draw two lines: one that divides the outer circumvolve in half and one that divides the inner circle that yous created with the Commencement tool.
6. With the Eraser tool (), erase the top half of the second circle and the face up that represents the within of the bowl. When you're done, yous have a profile of the bowl.
7. With the Select tool (), select the edge of the circle on the footing plane. This is the path the Follow Me tool volition use to complete the bowl.
8. With the Follow Me tool (), click the profile of the basin. Your bowl is consummate and yous can delete the circle on the basis plane. The following figure shows the bowl profile on the left and the bowl on the right.

Note: Why do you lot have to draw two lines to divide the start circles? When you depict a circle using the Circle tool (or a curve using the Arc tool, or a curved line using the Freehand tool), you are actually drawing a circumvolve (or arc or bend) entity, which is fabricated of multiple-segments that act like a single whole. To delete a portion of a circle, arc, or curve entity segment, yous need to intermission the continuity. The beginning line you lot describe creates endpoints that break the segments in the outer circle, merely not the inner circle. Drawing the second line across the inner circle breaks the inner circumvolve into two continuous lines.

You tin can use these aforementioned steps to create a dome by just drawing your profile upside downward. To create a sphere, you don't need to change the second circle to create a profile at all. Check out the following video see how to create a sphere.

Creating a cone

In SketchUp, you can create a cone by resizing a cylinder face or by extruding a triangle along a circular path with the Follow Me tool.

To create a cone from a cylinder, follow these steps:

1. With the Circle tool, draw a circumvolve.
2. Utilise the Push/Pull tool to extrude the circle into a cylinder.
3. Select the Motion tool ().
4. Click a key point on the top edge of the cylinder, as shown on the left in the figure. A key point is aligned with the red or green centrality and acts as a resize handle. To find a cardinal point, hover the Move tool cursor around the edge of the top cylinder; when the circumvolve edge highlighting disappears, this indicates a cardinal betoken.
5. Movement the edge to its middle until it shrinks into the indicate of a cone.
6. Click at the center to consummate the cone, every bit shown on the left in the figure.

Here are the steps to model a cone by extruding a triangle forth a circular path:

1. Depict a circle on the basis aeroplane. You'll discover it'southward easier to align your triangle with the circle's center if you start drawing the circle from the axes origin.
2. With the Line tool (), draw a triangle that's perpendicular to the circle. (See the left image in the post-obit figure.
3. With the Select tool (), select the face up of the circle.
4. Select the Follow Me tool () and click the triangle face, which creates a cone almost instantaneously (as long equally your computer has the sufficient retentiveness). You tin encounter the cone on the right in the following figure.

Creating a pyramidal hipped roof

In SketchUp, you can hands describe a hipped roof, which is just a simple pyramid. For this example, you meet how to add together the roof to a simple one-room house, too.

To draw a pyramid (pull up a pyramidal hipped roof):

1. With the Rectangle tool (), draw a rectangle big plenty to cover your building. To create a true pyramid, create a square instead of a rectangle. The SketchUp inference engine tells you when you're rectangle is a square or a golden department.
2. With the Line tool (), draw a diagonal line from i corner to its reverse corner.
3. Draw another diagonal line from one corner to another. In the figure, you meet how the lines create an X. The example shows the faces in X-Ray view so you can run into how the rectangle covers the flooring programme.
   
4. Select the Motility tool () and hover over the center point until a dark-green inference indicate is displayed.
5. Click the center point.
6. Move the cursor in the blue direction (up) to pull up the roof or pyramid, as shown in the figure. If yous need to lock the move in the bluish direction, printing the Up Arrow key equally you move the cursor.
7. When your roof or pyramid is at the desired height, click to terminate the move.

Tip: When y'all're creating a model of house or multistory building, organize the walls and roof or each floor of your edifice into split groups. That way, you can edit them separately, or hibernate your roof in order to peer into the interior flooring plan. See Organizing a Model for details about groups.

In SketchUp, the easiest way to start a 3D building model is with its footprint. Afterward you have a footprint, yous can subdivide the footprint and extrude each section to the correct tiptop.

Hither are a few tips for finding a building's footprint:

• If yous're modeling an existing edifice, trace the outline of the building with the drawing tools. Unless the building is obscured by trees, y'all can find an aerial photo on Google Maps and trace a snapshot. From within SketchUp, yous can capture images from Google and load them straight into a model, as shown in the following figure.
• If you don't accept an aerial photograph of the existing building you want to model, you may need to try the one-time fashioned route: measuring the exterior to create the footprint and drawing the footprint from scratch. If literally taking measurements of an entire building is impractical, yous can utilise tricks such as using the measurement of a unmarried brick to estimate overall dimensions or taking a photograph with an object or person whose length y'all practise know. See Measuring Angles and Distances to Model Precisely for more than details.

If you're able to start with a snapshot of your footprint, the following steps guide you through the process of tracing that footprint. Starting time, gear up upwards your view of the snapshot:

1. Select Camera > Standard Views > Peak from the bill of fare bar.
2. Select Camera > Zoom Extentdue south to make sure you can see everything in your file.
3. Use the Pan and Zoom tools to frame a adept view of top of the building that you want to model. You demand to be able to meet the edifice clearly in club to trace its footprint. Come across Viewing a Model for details almost using these tools.
4. Cull View > Face Style > 10-Ray from the carte bar. In X-Ray view, you tin see the top view of the building through the faces that yous draw to create the footprint.

Later you set up your snapshot, try the techniques in the following steps to trace the building footprint:

1. Fix the drawing axes to a corner of your edifice. Encounter Adjusting the Drawing Axes for details.
2. With the Rectangle tool (), draw a rectangle that defines part of your building. Click a corner and and then click an opposite corner to draw the rectangle. If your building outline includes non–90-degree corners, curves or other shapes that you can't trace with the Rectangle tool, use whichever other drawing tools you demand to trace your edifice's footprint.
3. Proceed drawing rectangles (or lines and arcs) until the entire building footprint is defined by overlapping or adjacent rectangles, as shown on the left in the following figure. Brand sure at that place aren't any gaps or holes; if there are, fill them in with more rectangles.
4. With the Eraser tool (), delete all the edges in the interior of the building footprint. When you're washed, you should have a single face divers by a perimeter of straight edges. Y'all may want to turn off Ten-Ray view, equally shown on the correct in the post-obit figure, in club to see your faces and final footprint clearly.
   
5. Some uncomplicated buildings have a single exterior wall height, merely most have more than than ane. After y'all complete the footprint, utilise the Line tool to subdivide your building footprint into multiple faces, each corresponding to a different exterior wall summit, as shown in the following figure. Then, you tin use the Push/Pull tool () to extrude each expanse to the correct building top.

Creating a polyhedron

In this example, you see how to create a polyhedron, which repeats faces aligned around an axis.

To illustrate how you lot can create a circuitous shape with basic repeating elements, this example shows you how to create a polyhedron called a rhombicosidodecahedron, which is fabricated from pentagons, squares, and triangles, every bit shown in the figure.

The following steps explain how to create this shape past repeating faces around an axis:

1. Plant the correct angle between the commencement square and the pentagon, and betwixt the offset triangle and the square. See Measuring Angles and Distances to Model Precisely for details most measuring angles with the Protractor tool.
2. Mark the exact heart bespeak of the pentagon, which is shown here on a greenish surface that has been temporarily added to the pentagon component. This is the axis around which the copies will be aligned.
   
3. Make the square and triangle components, and then group the 2 components. For details about components, see Developing Components and Dynamic Components. To learn nearly groups, see Organizing a Model.
4. Preselect the objects that y'all desire to re-create and rotate (in this case, the group you lot just created).
5. Select the Rotate tool ().
6. Align the Rotate cursor with the pentagon face and click the center point of the pentagon, every bit shown in the following figure.
   
7. Click the Rotate cursor at the point where the tips of the square, triangle, and pentagon come together.
8. Press the Ctrl central to toggle on the Rotate tool's copy function. The Rotate cursor changes to include a plus sign (+).
9. Move the cursor to rotate the selection effectually the axis. If yous originally clicked the point where the tips of the square, triangle, and pentagon came together, the new grouping snaps into its new position, as shown in the post-obit figure.
   
10. Click to finish the rotate operation.
11. Continue rotating copies effectually the centrality until the shape is consummate. As you build the rhombicosidodecahedron, you need to grouping different components together, and rotate copies of those groups effectually various component faces.

Tip: If the component you lot are rotating around is non on the ruddy, green, or bluish aeroplane, make sure the Rotate tool's cursor is aligned with the confront of the component earlier you click the center point. When the cursor is aligned, press and hold the Shift central to lock that alignment equally you move the cursor to the center indicate.

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Source: https://help.sketchup.com/en/sketchup/modeling-specific-shapes-objects-and-building-features-3d

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